Inheritance · Basics

Who inherits by law – inheritance classes explained

Reading time: 4 min

Before you start searching for your uncle's or great-grandmother's name, it's worth knowing one thing: not every relative automatically inherits. If the deceased left no will, statutory inheritance applies according to six inheritance classes — and they're always searched in order, starting with the first.

How the order works

If even one person inherits within the first class, the second class doesn't apply at all. Only when nobody in a given class inherits does it move on to the next.

I.

Children and spouse

They inherit in equal shares. If a child doesn't inherit (e.g. died earlier), their share passes to their own children.

II.

Spouse, parents, and people in the shared household

Applies only if nobody from the first class inherits. This also includes people who lived with the deceased in a shared household for at least a year before death and cared for it.

III.

Siblings and people in the shared household

Applies if neither a spouse nor parents inherit. It includes people who lived with the deceased in a shared household for at least a year before death.

IV.

Grandparents

If none of the people from the previous classes inherit, the deceased's grandparents inherit in equal shares.

V.

Great-grandparents

If nobody from the previous classes inherits, the inheritance passes to the great-grandparents of the deceased.

VI.

Children of siblings and children of grandparents

The last class of statutory inheritance — nephews and nieces, as well as the deceased's uncles and aunts.

What if nobody inherits

If no heir is found in any of the six classes, nor through a will, the property passes to the state. That's exactly why it's worth checking even more distant relatives — in many cases, it's the only way the family's property ever gets sorted out at all.

Why this matters when searching If you're looking up a more distant relative's name, first check whether you'd even qualify as an heir under the inheritance classes at all.

Check names across your family

Try your own name, and your parents' or grandparents' too.

Open search